Analisis Sosiologi Sastra pada Cerpen Kompas Edisi Bulan Mei sampai Desember Tahun 2025

Abstract

abstrak—Riset ini memiliki tiga tujuan utama, yakni menguraikan realitas sosial, cara realitas tersebut digambarkan, serta makna sosial yang terkandung di dalam cerpen-cerpen harian Kompas periode Mei hingga Desember 2025. Kerangka teoritis yang dipakai berasal dari pemikiran Ian Watt tentang sosiologi sastra. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Sumber datanya adalah cerita pendek yang dimuat di Kompas sepanjang rentang waktu tersebut. Pengumpulan data dikerjakan dengan teknik membaca secara saksama dan mencatat informasi relevan. Sementara itu, proses analisis data berpijak pada pilar utama teori Ian Watt: fungsi sosial dari karya sastra itu sendiri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cerpen-cerpen tersebut merepresentasikan berbagai realitas sosial masyarakat Indonesia kontemporer, seperti ketimpangan ekonomi, konflik sosial, perubahan budaya akibat digitalisasi, krisis identitas, dan dampak perkembangan teknologi terhadap kehidupan masyarakat. Penggambaran realitas sosial disampaikan melalui tokoh, alur, latar, dan konflik yang mencerminkan dinamika kehidupan masyarakat modern. Selain berfungsi sebagai hiburan, cerpen Kompas juga memiliki fungsi sosial sebagai media kritik, refleksi, dan pembangun kesadaran sosial pembaca terhadap berbagai persoalan kemanusiaan dan sosial di masyarakat. Dengan demikian, cerpen Kompas edisi Mei sampai Desember 2025 menunjukkan bahwa karya sastra memiliki hubungan erat dengan kondisi sosial masyarakat serta berperan penting dalam merepresentasikan realitas kehidupan kontemporer.)

Kata kunci—karya sastra, cerpen Kompas, realitas sosial, sosiologi sastra, Ian Watt

Abstract—This research has three main objectives: to describe social reality, how that reality is depicted, and the social meanings contained in short stories published in the Kompas daily newspaper from May to December 2025. The theoretical framework used is derived from Ian Watt's thoughts on the sociology of literature. This research applies a descriptive qualitative method. The data source is short stories published in Kompas throughout the period. Data collection was carried out using careful reading techniques and recording relevant information. Meanwhile, the data analysis process is based on the main pillar of Ian Watt's theory: the social function of the literary work itself. The results show that the short stories represent various social realities of contemporary Indonesian society, such as economic inequality, social conflict, cultural change due to digitalization, identity crises, and the impact of technological developments on people's lives. The depiction of social reality is conveyed through characters, plots, settings, and conflicts that reflect the dynamics of modern society. In addition to functioning as entertainment, Kompas short stories also have a social function as a medium for criticism, reflection, and building readers' social awareness of various humanitarian and social issues in society. Thus, the short stories in Kompas' May to December 2025 editions show that literary works have a close relationship with the social conditions of society and play an important role in representing the reality of contemporary life.)

Keywords— literary works, Kompas short stories, social reality, sociology of literature, Ian Watt