Writing Error Analysis of English Presentation Text based on Visual Aids (A Case Study of Nursing Department)
Abstract
Abstrak—Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis kesalahan dalam penulisan bahasa Inggris mahasiswa dan (2) mengetahui sumber kesalahan dalam teks presentasi berbahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan random sampling, dengan subjek penelitian yaitu mahasiswa Program Sarjana dan Diploma Keperawatan STIKES Rajekwesi Bojonegoro tahun akademik 2023/2024. Data terdiri dari 45 teks berbahasa Inggris yang terdapat dalam 4 file mahasiswa. Dari setiap file, diambil secara acak 3 teks, sehingga total yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 12 teks. Analisis data mengikuti langkah-langkah dari Creswell, yaitu mengorganisasi data, mengkode, mengidentifikasi tema, mendeskripsikan dan menafsirkan hasil, serta memeriksa keakuratannya. Jenis kesalahan dianalisis menggunakan klasifikasi dari Betty Schrampfer Azar, sedangkan sumber kesalahan diidentifikasi berdasarkan kerangka kerja dari Brown (2005) yang mencakup transfer antarbahasa, transfer intrabahasa, konteks pembelajaran, strategi komunikasi, dan strategi pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan yang paling umum ditemukan berkaitan dengan pemilihan kata, diikuti oleh kesalahan bentuk tunggal/jamak dan tenses. Transfer intrabahasa merupakan sumber kesalahan utama, disusul oleh transfer antarbahasa dan konteks pembelajaran.
Kata kunci—Menulis, Analisis Kesalahan, Media Visual
Abstract—This study aimed to (1) identify the types of errors in students’ English writing and (2) find out the sources of those errors in English presentation texts. It used a descriptive qualitative method with random sampling, with the subjects being Undergraduate and Diploma Nursing students from STIKES Rajekwesi Bojonegoro in the 2023/2024 academic year. The data consisted of 45 English texts contained in 4 student files. From each file, 3 texts were randomly selected, resulting in a total of 12 texts analyzed in this study. The analysis followed Creswell’s steps: organizing data, coding, identifying themes, describing and interpreting the results, and checking accuracy. Error types were analyzed using Betty Schrampfer Azar’s classification, while the sources of errors were identified based on Brown’s (2005) framework, which includes interlingual transfer, intralingual transfer, learning context, communication strategies, and learning strategies. The results showed that the most common errors were related to word choice, followed by singular/plural forms and verb tenses. Intralingual transfer was the main source of errors, followed by interlingual transfer and context of learning.
Keywords—Writing, Error Analysis, Visual Aid.
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