Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Siswa SD dalam Mengerjakan Soal Materi Kubus Balok

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesulitan belajar matematika siswa SD berdasarkan indikator jenis kesalahan siswa ketika mengerjakan soal materi kubus balok serta alternatif solusinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 34 siswa, terdiri dari 17 siswa perempuan dan 17 siswa laki-laki kelas V SDN Demangan 2. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dengan instrumen berupa lembar soal tes. Teknik pengolahan data pada instrumen menggunakan rumus presentase. Teknik analisis data dimulai dari reduksi data, menyajikan data, dan membuat kesimpulan. Hasil tes analisis akhir diperoleh persentase rata-rata kesulitan konsep adalah 57%, persentase rata-rata kesulitan menggunakan data 41%, persentase rata-rata kesulitan menginterpretasikan data adalah 92%, persentase kesulitan teknis 64% dan persentase rata-rata kesulitan dalam menarik kesimpulan 100%. Alternatif solusi yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengatasi kesulitan tersebut diataranya: 1) Penggunaa alat peraga kerangka lidi kubus dan balok, penggunaan media sederhana menyerupai kubus balok yang mudah ditemukan di sekitar siswa, penggunaan software pembelajaran geometri, seperti Java Geometry Expert, Geogebra, Cabri 3D, Cabri Geometry I, Cabri Geometry II, The Geometer’s Sketchpad, dan Wingeom. 2) Penggunaan metode drill and practice. 3) Penggunaan metode penemuan terbimbing didukung dengan penggunaan LKS terbimbing. 4) Penggunaan metode jarimatika. 5) Pembiasaan mengerjakan soal secara kontinu.

 

Kata kunci: Kesulitan, Belajar, Matematika

 

 

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study analyzed elementary students' math learning problems based on indicators of the type of students who worked on the matter of the cube block and alternative solutions. This research used descriptive qualitative research method. The subjects of this study were thirthy-four children, consisting of seventeen female students and seventeen male students of fifth-grade in SDN Demangan 2. The data collection technique used a test method that uses instruments in the form of test questions sheets. Data processing techniques on the instrument used the percentage formula. Data analysis techniques in this study began from reducing data, presenting data, and making conclusions. From the final analysis test data obtained an average percentage of concept difficulties is 57%, the average percentage of difficulties using data 41%, the average percentage of difficulties interpreting data is 92%, the average percentage of technical difficulties 64% and the average percentage of difficulties in write conclusions 100%. Alternative solutions that can be applied to overcome these problems include: 1) The used of a cube and block stick display model, the used simple cube and block media that are easily found in students' daily activity, the used geometry learning software, such as Java Geometry Expert, Geogebra, 3D Cabri, Cabri Geometry I, Cabri Geometry II, Geometer Sketches, and Wingeom. 2) The use of drill and practice methods. 3) The use of guided discovery methods supported by the use of guided worksheets. 4) The use of the Jarimatika method. 5) Habituation to work on continuous.

 

Keyword: Difficulties, Learning, Mathematics