How Self-Efficacy Influences the Speaking Skill of English Department Learners
Abstract
Abstract— This study explores the relationship between self-efficacy and English-speaking skills among second-semester students of the English Education Department at a private university in Bojonegoro. Grounded in Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory, the research investigates how students’ beliefs in their speaking abilities influence their actual performance. Employing a qualitative design, data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis, and analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model. The findings reveal that students with higher self-efficacy exhibit greater confidence, motivation, and active participation in speaking tasks, whereas those with lower self-efficacy often experience anxiety, fear of making mistakes, and limited verbal engagement. Contributing factors to students’ self-efficacy include prior experiences, peer support, and a supportive classroom environment. The results also show that students with higher self-efficacy are more likely to persist in overcoming difficulties, which positively impacts their speaking development. The study concludes that self-efficacy plays a significant role in enhancing speaking performance and recommends that educators adopt strategies aimed at fostering students’ confidence through meaningful, structured, and engaging learning experiences. These insights underscore the importance of psychological factors in second-language acquisition and provide practical implications for improving speaking instruction and classroom practices in EFL contexts.
Keywords: Self-efficacy, speaking skill, university student, English language education
Abstrak—Penelitian ini mengkaji hubungan antara efikasi diri dan keterampilan berbicara bahasa Inggris pada mahasiswa semester dua Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris di salah satu perguruan tinggi swasta di Bojonegoro. Berdasarkan Teori Kognitif Sosial Bandura, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana keyakinan mahasiswa terhadap kemampuan berbicara mereka memengaruhi kinerja aktual dalam kegiatan berbicara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui angket, wawancara, dan analisis dokumen, serta dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa dengan tingkat efikasi diri tinggi menunjukkan rasa percaya diri, motivasi, dan partisipasi aktif yang lebih besar dalam tugas berbicara. Sebaliknya, mahasiswa dengan efikasi diri rendah cenderung mengalami kecemasan, takut melakukan kesalahan, dan kurang terlibat secara verbal. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efikasi diri meliputi pengalaman sebelumnya, dukungan teman sebaya, dan lingkungan kelas yang mendukung. Mahasiswa dengan efikasi diri tinggi juga lebih gigih dalam menghadapi kesulitan, yang berdampak positif terhadap perkembangan keterampilan berbicara mereka. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa efikasi diri berperan penting dalam meningkatkan performa berbicara dan merekomendasikan agar pendidik menerapkan strategi yang membangun kepercayaan diri melalui pengalaman belajar yang bermakna, terstruktur, dan mendukung. Temuan ini memberikan implikasi praktis dalam pengembangan pengajaran berbicara di konteks pembelajaran bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing.
Kata kunci— Self-efficacy, keterampilan berbicara, mahasiswa, pendidikan bahasa Inggris
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