Analisis Sosiologi Sastra pada Novel Dompet Ayah Sepatu Ibu Karya J.S. Khairen

Abstract

abstrak— Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap aspek-aspek sosiologi sastra dalam novel Dompet Ayah Sepatu Ibu karya J.S. Khairen dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan teori Nurgiyantoro yang mencakup delapan aspek: cinta kasih, ekonomi, sosial, pendidikan, perjuangan, kebudayaan, hubungan atasan–bawahan, dan politik. Data diperoleh melalui teknik baca-catat terhadap isi novel dan menghasilkan 190 kutipan relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek ekonomi merupakan dominasi utama (21,05%), disusul cinta kasih (19,47%) dan perjuangan (18,42%). Novel ini menggambarkan secara kuat realitas kemiskinan, kesenjangan sosial, serta upaya keras tokoh utama untuk meraih pendidikan dan kehidupan yang lebih baik. Selain itu, nilai empati, gotong royong, serta cinta kasih keluarga dan guru menjadi pendorong utama keberhasilan tokoh dalam menghadapi hambatan hidup. Representasi budaya Minangkabau juga tampak melalui tradisi perjodohan dan struktur keluarga. Secara keseluruhan, novel ini merefleksikan kehidupan masyarakat kelas bawah dan memperlihatkan bahwa pendidikan, solidaritas, dan kerja keras menjadi kunci mobilitas sosial. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa sastra berfungsi sebagai cermin realitas sosial sekaligus media kritik dan inspirasi bagi pembacanya.
Kata kunci— Analisis, Sosiologi Sastra, Novel.

Abstract—This research aims to reveal aspects of literary sociology in the novel Dompet Ayah Shoes Ibu by J.S. Khairen using a qualitative descriptive approach. The analysis was carried out based on Nurgiyantoro's theory which includes eight aspects: love, economics, social, education, struggle, culture, superior-subordinate relationships, and politics. Data was obtained through note-reading techniques on the contents of the novel and produced 190 relevant quotations. The research results show that the economic aspect is the main dominance (21.05%), followed by love (19.47%) and struggle (18.42%). This novel strongly depicts the reality of poverty, social inequality, and the main character's hard efforts to achieve education and a better life. Apart from that, the values of empathy, mutual cooperation, and love of family and teachers are the main drivers of the character's success in facing life's obstacles. Representations of Minangkabau culture are also visible through the tradition of arranged marriages and family structures. Overall, this novel reflects the lives of the lower classes and shows that education, solidarity and hard work are the keys to social mobility. This research confirms that literature functions as a mirror of social reality as well as a medium for criticism and inspiration for readers.
Keywords— Analysis, Sociology of Literature, Novel.